It seems no matter what you will have to open a couple walls but might not be as bad as you think.
Getting wire from attic to basement.
I replaced an old flood.
Secure the wires tight using wire staples at both the bottom and top of the run to make sure that the wire doesn t bow in the middle and get close to the flue.
If you have a rigid line then you can open up one wall on second floor to drill to attic and first and then drill up to first from basement.
Running wire from attic to basement.
The presumption is that the cable run will be looped from one box location down or up into a basement crawlspace or an attic then across floor joists before entering the stud cavity where the next box is located.
My home was built in 1941.
Well getting the wires up to the attic was easy.
Prob 12 3 and 12 2.
All i had to do was take a piece of 3 4 pvc pipe into attic and extend down the chase until i hit the foam at second floor and.
For a chimney flue the wire should be 12 from the flue.
Split level home wiring goes up from the panel to an attic wood panel the length of the house then down to the circuits.
From the attic lower the fish tape all the way to the basement connect your wire and then pull it back through.
You can get different sizes of pvc and you can run 2 3 lines in one run.